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Guinea Pig Health Guide

5 conditions • Expert-reviewed information

Temperature

99.5-103.1°F (37.5-39.5°C)

Heart Rate

230-380 bpm

Respiratory Rate

40-120 breaths/min

🚨 Emergency Conditions — Know the Signs

Respiratory Infection in Guinea Pigs

The most common illness in guinea pigs. Often caused by Bordetella bronchiseptica or Streptococcus pneumoniae. Guinea pigs can be subclinical carriers — symptoms appear when stressed. Can progress to fatal pneumonia quickly.

Conditions by Body System

musculoskeletal System

Vitamin C Deficiency (Scurvy) in Guinea Pigs

Guinea pigs, like humans, cannot synthesize their own vitamin C. Deficiency leads to scurvy — a painful, potentially fatal multisystem disease. Easily preventable with proper diet and supplementation.

Moderate

digestive System

Dental Disease in Guinea Pigs

Guinea pigs have continuously growing teeth (open-rooted). Dental problems are extremely common, most often due to improper diet (not enough hay). Overgrown teeth cause severe pain, inability to eat, and secondary GI stasis.

Moderate

reproductive System

Ovarian Cysts in Guinea Pigs

Extremely common in female guinea pigs — 60-80% of sows over 2 years old develop ovarian cysts. Can cause hormonal disturbances, hair loss, and abdominal discomfort. Easily diagnosed with ultrasound.

Moderate

skin coat System

Ringworm (Dermatophytosis) in Guinea Pigs

A fungal skin infection, most commonly caused by Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Highly contagious between guinea pigs AND transmissible to humans (zoonotic). Causes patchy hair loss and crusty skin.

Mild

Guinea Pig Health Tips

Annual Check-ups

Schedule yearly veterinary exams including blood work for guinea pigs over 7 years old. Early detection saves lives.

Dental Care

Dental disease affects 80% of guinea pigs by age 3. Brush teeth regularly and schedule professional cleanings.

Weight Management

Obesity shortens lifespan and predisposes to arthritis, diabetes, and other conditions. Use a body condition score to monitor.

Parasite Prevention

Keep up with flea, tick, and heartworm prevention year-round — not just in summer.

Know the Emergencies

Learn the signs of common guinea pig emergencies: bloat (dogs), urinary blockage (cats), poisoning, and severe trauma.

Nutrition

Feed a high-quality diet appropriate for life stage. Consult your vet before making major diet changes.